WEMO 2025 (complet) - Flipbook - Page 45
W E M O 202 5
O U T LO O K
FIGURE 12
China is the global leader in green technologies 326
Chinese share of global installed production capacity 327
• Green equipment manufacturing capacity: In 2024, China
had ~80% of solar panel global production capacity, ~65%
of global wind turbines production capacity. It held more
than 80% of the battery cells global production capacity. It
solidi昀椀ed its dominance in green hydrogen328, holding 60%
of the world electrolyzer manufacturing capacity.
2023
2021
0%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Battery Cells
• China’s nuclear installed capacity was 61 GW in 2024, with 29
reactors (33 GW capacity) under construction. This represents
nearly half of the global new projects in the world.
Electric Cars
Solar Modules
• It dominates the processing of critical material needed for
the energy transition such as Cobalt (76% market share),
graphite (90% market share) and Rare Earth Elements (REE)
(90% market share). China gained its dominant position by
investing heavily in re昀椀ning capacity of these minerals.
Wind Turbines
https://gycxsolar.com/solar-system-price-in-china/#:~:text=Global%20solar%20panel%20
pricing%20varies,cost%20$0.30%2D$0.50/watt.
https://edition.cnn.com/2025/07/17/business/china-new-export-controls-ev-battery-intl-hnk
332
333
• Taking advantage of this dominance, in July 2025, China put
export restrictions on critical EV batteries technologies and
on lithium supply by adding them to the government’s export
control list333. Inclusion on this list means that transferring the
technologies concerned overseas will require a governmentissued license, These new controls are like the restrictions
on certain rare earth elements introduced earlier in 2025.
WEMO 2025
China’s dominance stems from vast manufacturing capacity,
low production costs (e.g., solar panels at around $0.15/
326
watt vs. $0.30-0.50 /watt in Europe and US 332), and statebacked policies. In addition, Chinese manufacturers have
overcapacities regarding the domestic market which pushes
them to export at low prices.
44
In summary, in 2024, China solidi昀椀ed its global leadership
in green energy investments330,331, allocating 6.8 trillion yuan
($940 billion) to the clean energy sector, including
solar, wind, batteries, EVs, and green hydrogen. This
is to be compared to the $685 billion invested by
the U.S. ($315 billion) and by Europe ($370 billion).
• Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS): China captured 2.05
million tons of CO2 in 2024, primarily in the power and the
chemical sectors, with projects like Yanchang CCS targeting
400,000 tons/year.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-solutions/2025/03/03/
china-renewable-energy-green-world-leader/
327
IEA: Energy Technology Perspective 2024: https://www.iea.org/reports/
energy-technology-perspectives-2024
329
S&P Global: Revamping automotive sourcing for the EV market, https://www.spglobal.com/
automotive-insights/en/blogs/2025/05/revamping-automotive-sourcing-electric-vehicle-market?
330
https://www.carbonbrief.org/
analysis-clean-energy-contributed-a-record-10-of-chinas-gdp-in-2024/
331
https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-investment-2024/overview-and-key-昀椀ndings
10%
