WEMO 2025 (complet) - Flipbook - Page 59
02 Critical resources
All resources are critical to their own extent and this has nothing to do with planetary boundaries
Degree of criticality
Resources
Resources availability
Aggregates
++
+
++
+
+
River sand
+++
+
+++
+
++
Nickel
+++
+++
+
++
++
Steel
+
+++
+
+
+
Copper
++
+++
+
++
+
Bitumen
+
++
++
++
++
Rare Earths
+++
++
++
+++
+++
Lithium
+++
++
++
+++
+++
Source: Capgemini Invent 2025 analysis
Economics
Environmental impacts
Human rights
Technology (recyclability/substitutability
