WEMO24-Compiled Report-Interactive compressed (002) 4154-7882-8116 v.1 - Flipbook - Page 325
JI
Joint Implementation, a mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol
allowing industrialised countries with a greenhouse gas
reduction commitment to invest in emission reducing projects
in another industrialised country as an alternative to emission
reductions in their own countries
Kyoto Protocol
The United Nations regulatory frame for greenhouse gases
management, adopted in December 1997 and entered into force
in February 2005. It encompasses 6 greenhouse gases: CO₂,
CH4, N2O, HFC, PFC, SF6 LCOE (levelized cost of energy) LCOE
is the cost of electricity produced by a generator calculated
by accounting for all of a system’s expected lifetime costs
(including construction, financing, fuel, maintenance, taxes,
LCOS (levelized cost of storage)
It quantifies the discounted cost per unit of discharged electricity
for a specific storage technology and application.
LCPD
Large Combustion Plant Directive, a European Union Directive
that aims to reduce acidification, ground level ozone and
particulates by controlling the emissions of sulphur dioxide,
oxides of nitrogen and dust from large combustion plant. All
combustion plant built after 1987 must comply with the emission
limits in LCPD. Those power stations in operation before 1987
are defined as ‘existing plant’. Existing plant can either comply
with the LCPD through installing emission abatement (Flue
Gas Desulphurization) equipment or ‘opt-out’ of the directive.
An existing plant that chooses to ‘opt-out’ is restricted in its
operation after 2007 and must close by the end of 2015
LNG
Liquefied Natural Gas. Natural gas that has been subjected to
high pressure and very low temperatures and stored in a liquid
state. It is returned to a gaseous state by the reverse process
and is mainly used as a peaking fuel
LNG Netback Price
A measure of an export parity price that a gas supplier can
expect to receive for exporting its gas.
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Load balancing
Maintaining system integrity through measures which equalize
pipeline (shipper) receipt volumes with delivery volumes
during periods of high system usage. Withdrawal and injection
operations into underground storage facilities are often used
to balance load on a short-term basis
Load factor
Ratio of average daily deliveries to peak-day deliveries over a
given time period
LTIFR: Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate
LTIFR refers to Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate, the number
of lost time injuries occurring in a workplace per 1 million
man-hours worked.
LULUCF
Referred to as Forestry and other land use defined as the
greenhouse gas inventory sector that covers emissions and
removals of greenhouse gases resulting from direct human
induced land use such as settlements and commercial uses,
land-use change, and forestry activities.
Market coupling
Market coupling links together separate markets in a region,
whereas market splitting divides a regional market into prices
zones. Market coupling minimizes prices differences and makes
them converge wherever transmission capacity is sufficient.
Cross-border market coupling also drives better use of
interconnection capacity
WEMO 2024
IUS
Stands for the Integrated Utility Services, developed by Rocky
Mountain Institute wherein utility companies could seamlessly
blend an array of products, services and financing tools that
have not previously been integrated.
insurance and incentives), which are then divided by the system’s
lifetime expected power output (kWh).
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IPCC
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the leading
body for the assessment of climate change, established by
the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to provide a clear
scientific view on the current state of climate change and its
potential environmental and socio- economic consequences
